What does the term 'hazard' include in emergency management?

The term 'hazard' in emergency management encompasses any potential threat that can cause harm or damage, making the inclusion of a broad range of incidents critical. This definition covers natural phenomena, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods, as well as human-induced actions like terrorism or vandalism, and technological failures, such as power outages or infrastructure collapse. Recognizing hazards in this comprehensive manner allows emergency managers to develop effective strategies for preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. By understanding that hazards can arise from various sources, emergency management can adapt to a wide range of scenarios, ensuring that communities are better equipped to handle diverse threats.